Fraqueza muscular adquirida na UTI: desafios, estratégias preventivas e o papel da educação em saúde

Abstract

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common complication in critically ill patients, impairing muscle strength, mobility, and functional recovery. This integrative review analyzed studies from the past decade on ICU-AW prevention, diagnosis, and management. Key strategies include early mobilization, individualized nutritional support, and continuous muscle strength monitoring, complemented by diagnostic tools such as muscle ultrasound. Risk factors include prolonged immobilization, sedation, mechanical ventilation, sepsis, hyperglycemia, and elevated lactate levels. Evidence indicates that multidisciplinary approaches involving physicians, physiotherapists, nutritionists, and nurses enhance clinical outcomes. Awareness among healthcare professionals and caregivers is crucial for prevention, early detection, and effective rehabilitation, ultimately improving functional recovery and quality of life in ICU survivors.